Tag: Ml

Training Data to Employ AI in Healthcare

Posted on by Cogito Tech

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes an increasingly important tool in health care, it offers unprecedented opportunities for improving patient outcomes, reducing costs, and impacting population health. There are many examples, including automation, delivering a simple synthesis of complex health information to patients, families, and caregivers, and providing recommendations and visualizations for shared decision-making among patients, family members, and health professionals.

Need for AI Technology Adoption in Healthcare

As healthcare organizations realize the benefits of technology adoption as patient numbers rise and quality and affordable treatment become more important, they are adopting artificial intelligence. It is still early in the adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare. The reason behind this is that many emerging economies lack the means of digitizing patient records. 

The increased number of diseases and the need for better understanding and diagnosis with the help of deep learning are some of the reasons for AI adoption in healthcare. In many healthcare organizations, AI has enabled them to treat more patients at lower costs and with improved efficiency. 

Need for Building Database for Medical AI

To effectively utilize AI in the Medical industry, there is a need to build a database with all the historical data of patients, required to identify the patterns and accordingly use AI for diagnosis and therapy. If customized accurately, AI would not only be ‘intelligent’ but also highly user-friendly. 

It is also necessary to maintain records physically in certain countries in South Asia and Africa. However, the adoption of AI is relatively less challenging in developed countries such as the US and the UK, where the majority of healthcare data have already been digitized, and the technology has flourished. 

Significance of Data for AI Utilization in Healthcare 

In healthcare, data can be related to health conditions, reproductive outcomes, quality of life, and many similar life events determining an individual or an entire population. Health data includes clinical metrics along with environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioural information pertinent to health and wellness.

After getting to know the most important terms, definitions, and methods used in the field of artificial intelligence, we need to be familiarized with the current situation of data and data analytics in healthcare in order to be able to find out where artificial intelligence can come into play in healthcare; why and how we could make use of machine learning and smart algorithms – as the most important ‘base material’ for smart algorithms is data.

AI technologies that can Transform Healthcare

AI is based on technologies such as Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning, and Context-Aware Processing. The healthcare industry is undergoing a transformation as a result of these technologies. 

  1. Natural Language Processing (NLP) 

In today’s world of complex data, AI plays a significant role in simplifying insights, and NLP makes the process more accessible to more people. The goal of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is to mimic the responses of humans when answering queries and holding conversations by utilizing algorithms. Using NLP healthcare providers can summarize narrative text by highlighting key concepts or phrases, such as those found in long journal articles or clinical notes. 

Data elements in EHRs, which are represented as unstructured text, can be transformed into structured, meaningful data by using Natural Language Processing. Using NLP, Intermountain Healthcare, for example, has identified the causes of illness in patients by mining their medical records in order to identify cases like strokes, cancer, heart failure, and venous thromboembolisms (blood clots in the leg’s deep veins).

  1. Deep Learning 

By implementing AI in healthcare, diseases can be diagnosed and treated more efficiently. Medical data and images can be analyzed using deep learning, a component of AI, to enhance the ability of doctors to treat diseases. Visually challenged individuals can benefit from deep learning by narrating the text, identifying the facial expressions of nearby people, studying the surroundings, and describing the environment using computer vision, text-to-speech, and computer vision. 

Advanced neural network algorithms, GPUs that can process large amounts of data, and access to enormous amounts of internet data are all driving the deep learning revolution. A cognitive computing & deep learning approach is being used to train IBM Watson, for example, to assist doctors with medical diagnosis.

  1. Context-Aware Processing 

As examples of AI applications that can be used in healthcare, Apple’s Siri, Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Microsoft Cortana can provide assistance based on the instructions provided by the programmer. Using AI chatbots in healthcare can eliminate the burden on medical professionals and reduce the time and cost of coordinating care and detecting issues or diagnosable health issues. 

Bots could be considered the next step in the transformation of health assistants. HealthTap, for instance, or Your. Md are Bots that use AI to diagnose the most common symptoms. Nevertheless, chatbots play an important role in directing patients to the right doctor for diagnosis and treatment. Doctors with experience would be able to rely on them to supplement their duties. 

  1. Intelligent Robotics 

There is also the possibility of using AI with robotics. Healthcare facilities can be revolutionized with physical robots that can help people stay healthy and reduce the number of hospitalizations. In addition to AI, advanced humanoid designs are enabling robots to converse with and socially interact with elderly patients. With robots, surgery can be performed with more precision and smaller incisions since their flexibility and reach are greater. 

Certain robots can serve as social partners to treat mental health issues or alleviate loneliness. Blue Frog Robotics (developers of BUDDY), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and AIST (developers of PARO) are among the companies that have expanded companion robots into healthcare.

Many technology companies are currently conceptualizing AI-powered surgical robots by leveraging the capabilities of machine learning applications like Google DeepMind, IBM Watson, and others. With AI-enabled robots, less damage will occur, precision will increase, and recovery will be faster.

Conclusion

With the growing amount of digital data and the complication of overseeing a large number of patient records, all end-users under the healthcare umbrella are embracing artificial intelligence. AI-enabled content analytics can enhance providers’ ability to administer effective and efficient treatment protocols by speeding up the diagnosis of patients’ conditions through the use of NLP tools.

Although AI has many proven applications in the healthcare sector, the extent of its implementation in medical practice is still at an initial stage. The healthcare industry is expected to undergo a transformational change as AI adoption increases. It is estimated that healthcare data diagnosis and treatment procedures will improve as a result of the expected growth in the future. The healthcare industry can reap numerous benefits from AI, which has a wide range of applications.

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Sentiment Analysis: Types, How it Works & Why it is Difficult?

Posted on by Cogito Tech

Understanding the sentiments of the people is not easy unless they express their feelings, opinions and perspective anything. But if you have such platforms where people are freely speaking up about their thoughts and concerns, you can easily find out their sentiments. Here where Cogito comes in the facility of sentiment analysis.

Sentiment Analysis is the process of determining the conceptions, judgments, feelings, opinions, viewpoints, conclusions, and other notions towards anything. It is a technique to analyze texts, images, emojis and various other actions to know what other people think about a product, service, company, brand name, or a reaction to a specific event, social movement, etc.

The Usefulness of Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment analysis is playing an enormous role in understanding people belonging to different groups and their sentiments. On political grounds, it helps to know how much of the majority is in favor of the Govt. or how many stands opposing to their services and measures undertaken.

While on the other hand, in the business world, it is helping companies to know their customers in a better way. Such a resource becomes useful for the business enterprises to offer products and services as per the expectations of their potential customers and get appropriate results.

Social Media is one the best and biggest platforms where the theory of sentiment analysis is and must be applied, to interpret the feelings of various people. Hence, we need to understand it as a process, how it works, its applications, and why it is important for business organizations and other aspects.

What is Sentiment Analysis in NLP?

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a way to understand the actual meanings of the text words, sentences, or entire written documents. NLP is used to train the machines thereby, helping them understand the language and communication process among humans while discussing a topic.

The main motive of sentiment analysis is to find out expressions of people that are eventually classified as positive, negative, or neutral. It can be used in diverse areas such as company products, market research, marketing analysis, customer targeting, product reviews, customer feedback, reputation management, etc.

How Does Sentiment Analysis Work?

As mentioned above, sentiment analysis is used in NLP-based Machine Learning algorithms to develop such AI applications that can understand the ways of linguistic context showing the sentiments of different people.

But the question here is, how does sentiment analysis work? The developers begin by creating a text Machine Learning-based algorithm that can detect the contents showing any specific sentiment indicator.

Afterward, they train the ML classifier by feeding it a huge quantity of training datasets containing reactions based on positive, negative, and neutral sentiments. Every piece of content is scattered and divided into basic components such as text words, phrases, sentences, and other entities.

Once this process is completed, the relationship between the topics and the identification process commences. Then, AI model assigns a sentiment score to that particular post. The post can range from 1 representing negative and +4 representing 4 positive comments. If sentiment is neutral, the score is usually given 0.

As we already know, understanding the different human languages is a very complex task due to their cultural and social diversity. Hence, it is important to train the programs in such a way that they are able to detect and analyze grammatical nuances.

TYPES OF SENTIMENT ANALYSIS

To understand the sentiments of people, there are different types of sentiment analysis used in the market. Apart from normal opinions – positive, negative, or neutral, other types of sentiment analysis help in understanding people’s inner feelings, their actual intentions, and emotions.

Fine-grained Sentiment

This is one of the most simple and common ways of understanding your customers’ sentiments. Yes, fine-grained sentiment analysis helps in studying the ratings and reviews given by the customers.

While analyzing the sentiments, you can use the readily available categories like very positive, positive, neutral, negative, or very negative. Providing a rating option from 1 to 5 is yet another way to scale the feedback given by your customers. Most e-commerce sites use this technique to know the sentiments of their customers.

Aspect-based Analysis

This type of sentiment analysis is more focused on the aspects of a particular product or service. To make it easier to understand, let’s take an example – if you are talking about a soundbar or a wireless speaker system.

Here you can analyze your customer’s sentiments by asking them for feedback about the sound quality, connectivity, and other features, making such devices more useful and productive for the users. It helps in determining specific attributes of the product.

Intent-based Sentiment Analysis

To know the intent of the customers; whether they are looking to buy the product or just browsing around, is achievable through intent analysis. It not only helps to identify the intent of the customers but also to track and target them through advertisements or other ways of online promotions.

With intent analysis, companies can save their time, efforts, and cost while targeting the potential customers as per their intentions. This helps in getting a more vivid understanding of the intentions of the customers.

Emotion Detection Sentiment Analysis

As the name symbolizes, this type of sentiment analysis helps to detect and understand the emotions of the people. Emotions like anger, sadness, happiness, frustration, fear, panic, worry, or anxiety, may all be included.

Understanding the sentiments of people using emotion detection is even more difficult as people use a collection of words having a different senses of meanings. Hence, inaccurate emotion detection can lead to an inaccurate decision while analyzing the true sentiments of the people.

How Can Sentiment Analysis be Used?

The main motive of using sentiment analysis is to find out the true feelings of the varied people living in our society. It can be used for analyzing the customer’s feedback of a particular company, normal users on social media towards a product, service, social issues, or political agendas.

Companies also use it for brand analysis, reputation crises, campaigns performances, competitor analysis, and improve the service offered to the customers. Analyzing the sentiments of the customers helps the customer support team to prioritize their work for offering better service to end-users.

Why Sentiment Analysis is Difficult?

Sentiment analysis is a very difficult task due to sarcasm. The words or text data implied in a sarcastic sentence come with a different sense of meaning depending on the sender or situation.

Sarcasm is remarking someone opposite of what you want to say. It is expressed to hurt someone’s feelings or humorously criticize something. On social media, sarcasm is one of the most common behavior you can see nowadays interfering with the results.

Sarcastic words or texts show the unique behavior of people. It is usually used to convey a negative sentiment using the positive intention of words. This kind of caustic remark can easily mislead the sentiment analysis decisions.

The presence of sarcastic words makes it difficult for sentiment analysis processing in turn making it difficult to develop NLP-based AI models. Hence, a deeper analysis of such words is required to understand the true sentiments of people with accuracy.

In such a case, we can use the psychographic-based analysis to understand such people and their exact intention of what they are trying to say. Using psychographic segmentation in sentiment analysis can give a more comprehensive perception of different kinds of people interacting with each other.

Sentiment Analysis using Psychographic Segmentation

Sentiment analysis can be a big game changer in forming a more focused marketing strategy for the companies. But these establishments need to understand their customers by segmenting them into their characteristics like their cultural values, beliefs, desires, goals, interests, and lifestyle choices.

Psychographic Segmentation becomes helpful here in analyzing the customers’ sentiments by segmenting them based on their activities, lifestyle, and interests. It is a more qualitative approach to studying consumers according to their psychological characteristics.

Psychographic segmentation not only helps in improving the customer experience but also authorizes companies to offer more tailored products or services to the right customers at the right time improving the return on investment.

Psychographics allows you to learn about the deeper motivations and emotions that influence potential customers. Hence, in the next article, we will learn more about psychographic segmentation, and how it is helpful in sentiment analysis.

Cogito offers sentiment analysis services for wide-ranging industries using the insights of our skilled workforce making every interpretation meaningful. From social media to other useful online platforms, we are experts in analyzing the sentiments of different groups of people towards different entities.

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